The time growing mostly cotton Essay Example for Free

The m growing mostly cotton Es offerAnd has a very caring stead to her. Cassie is the main character and the narrator of the story and we see how black people in the book lived like through her eyes. She is very loyal to her family and sticks up for Little Man when me is told off for stamping on his book. She gives the book back to Miz Crocker. I turned around. Miz Crocker I said I dont want my book either so little mad wouldnt think that he was the only one with the same feeling. Cassie is a rebellious girl and doesnt try to blend in with the crowd.She doesnt hum along with the others in the class. After the sabotage of the bus Cassie is very stir for the safety of her family if the whites found out that it was then that did it, through the we see how scared the blacks got when they had done something bad or wrong to the whites. Stacey is the oldest child of the family and is one of the most featured in the first four chapters. We learn a lot more or less his views on the world and his way of living. He is very honest above all else and despises cheating. He rejects T. J.s plea to process him get the questions on the regretful history test that was coming up see, if you were smart like me Stacey, youd use that old brain of yours to get the questions on the big test. Stacey doesnt even fetch to say a word for the answer to become known. Stacey cast a annoyed look at T. J. but didnt speak. Shows his determination not to cheat. unless he does have a very bad temper and when T. J. frames him for cheating he goes down to the Wallaces and has a weightlift with him. He is very protective of his younger brothers and sister.And when they are splosh by the bus he works out a plan to sabotage the bus. He is independent minded and doesnt genuinely care if he is told the latest gossip from T. J. Now this kind of information aint for the ears of you little kids so I shouldnt even tell yall Then dont said Stacey The Logans as a family have lashings of v alues of which they all stand for which are, Honesty, Pride, Hardworking and Independent. The Wallaces are the local shop owners and they are the ones that lend the goods on credit.They share the typical white view of that time, that whites were break off than blacks, and the Wallaces were one of the familys that took there own actions against the blacks, they were members in the Klu Klux Klan and they were responsible for the burnings of the berry men. For enjoyment the Wallaces like to laugh at the Blacks that go there to drink, smoke and dance and they really like it when whites fight amongst themselves. Harlan Granger is a very rich white land owner. His family used to own the plantations back when slavery was legal in the south.He is the main owner of the land around there and nearly all the sharecroppers worked on his land. He was the one who backed the credit at the Wallace store. He dreams of the time when he will have as much land as his family previously had. He pressures the Logans to sell their land to him. Jeremy is a white boy in the story, but unlike the rest of the whites in the book Jeremy wants to be friend with the Logan children but they reject him. He doesnt think of himself as better that the Logans and he neer got the bus no matter what the weather was like.He takes allot of stick for trying to be friendly with the Logans. Mr Morrison is Mr Logans friend. They met on the railsroads. Mr Morrison was sacked from his job on the rail roads and hadnt been able to get any work for months. So Mr Logan decided to hire him as a handy-man but he also hired him to help protect the family. He is a very big and strong man, the children refer to him when they first see him for the first time as big as a tree. When the Knight Riders come to the farm, he is standing in the field with a shotgun ready if they start any trouble.He also explains to Stacey after the fight with T. J.that he isnt going to tell mama about the fight but is going to let Stacey do it, this shows his trust in him. T. J Avery is Staceys best friend. But is starting to lose his way. He tries to cheat on the big history test and when then he is about to get caught he passes the notes to Stacey and Stacey gets caught. He a great deal goes up to the Wallace store and always triesto get out of hard work by not being around. Show watch only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mildred Taylor section.

Advantages of Television Essay Example for Free

Advantages of Television EssayNowadays, many people all oer the world spend most of their free time watching television. No ane can deny the fact that, there is a television in almost every home. It is one of the most common entertainments for people all over the world. However, since its arrival, television has brought to man, many advantages. First and foremost, television plays an important role in our daily activities. It keeps us informed of all current affairs in the world. Events finished television are more vivid than those through books and magazines. This is beca intention we can watch these events which are sometimes aired on live telecast. Apart from that, television helps us enrich our spiritual lives. Our knowledge is broadened in many ways. Through language teaching programs , we can learn the language we like, such as, English, French, German, Chinese, Japanese and Spanish. We can overly brush up our skills through various programs in television. We can become skillful at doing jobs, baking cakes or arranging flowers through practical programs taught on television.It is also undeniable that, television is a source of recreation. Humorous stories and funny films bring us minutes of relaxation after a hard days work. For me, sitting comfortably in an armchair to watch an international football match on television is more interesting than having to queue for tickets at a crowded stadium. In a nutshell, television is indeed useful to us when we know how to use it. Nevertheless, be careful not to overindulge ourselves in it and use in a discerning manner.

Porters Five Forces Study of Starbucks

Porters phoebe bird Forces Study of StarbucksExecutive SummaryGiven case study maps the post of the attach to in 2009. In this date we allow for date back to a timeline of about 25 years and see how Starbucks developed their bank line. We will alike see the strategies applied and the present situation of the club with the application of Porters phoebe bird competitive forces. Finally we will have a look at the future(a) recommendations to reap a profit from the personal credit linePart 1Starbucks Coffee CompanyFounded in year 1971First headquarter in Seattle USABusiness in 37 countriesExpansion started 1982 with Howard Schultz joinedStarbucks has evolved from macrocosm a $.50 million business to a business that worth $6.4 billionHoward Schultz is the Chairman, President Chief executive officerHistory1971 Pike Place merchandise in Seattle was the first place where Starbucks store was settled1982 Howard Schultz joined the company as grocery storeing and retailing head19 85 Espresso bar concept1987 Schultz purchased Starbucks and merged his business Giornale Coffee House with Starbucks1987 Expands Business in the American market by starting outlets in British Columbia and Chicago1992 With a business comprising of clxv outlets, Starbucks gets listed with its first public stock offering.1996 Expands business to Japan, Tokyo was the first place.2003 Starbucks expansion continues at a robust rate and it translates into a company with 6400 outlets worldwide.2008 Global sparing meltdown resulted loss in profitability, Starbucks decided to shuts down 600 outlets across the world and likewise exits the Australian market.Howard SchultzChairman, PresidentChief executive officerVISION, OBJECTIVES AND MISSION mountain Statement To establish Starbucks as most familiar and appreciated brand in the world and be catch a national business with values and directional principles that employee could be proud ofThe vision statement clearly describes the dream or the future of the company that is to be the worlds most advantageously known cocoahouse and also to be the most appreciated and positively graded brand by all levels of people around the world. The company also focuses its vision to employee satisfactions, so that the employees will be happy.Objectives of StarbucksIs to grow by making employees feel valuedIs to recognize that e precise dollar earned passes through employees handsThe Six principles are observe and dignity attributeDiversity wampumabilitySatisfied customersCommitmentCorporate Values and Business PrinciplesBuilding a Company with SoulOpposing Franchising because of Quality Control and CultureOnly selling coffee beans without artificial flavors.Satisfy customers by all blottos.Employees contribution and involvement in making Starbucks a better companyCorporate Social ResponsibilityEstablish the Starbucks Foundation in 1997A major contributor of CARE, worldwide relief and development organization (Health, Education, and do-gooder aid)Participate in local charitable projects.Provides financial support to community literacy organizations2004 EnviroStars Recognized Leader Award for its community overhaul and environmental activitiesValue filamentStarbucks do not have a vertically integrated supply chain. It always works at increasing its consanguinity with its suppliers through the decorous betray initiativeSuccess Factors for StarbucksFactors which helped Starbucks to gain successStarbucks were the first coffee makers in businessStarbucks started their operation in the year 1987 under Howard SchultzWithin the first five years they had 150 stores.First specialty coffee retailing chain in the market.First move advantage gave Starbucks a reason to establish a value proposition within customers and comes with a unique brand positioning. Profits were huge enough to allow them invest in their expansion purposes.Market look for Starbucks performed comprehensively study for expansion and enter into unsanded markets. 1991 was the year in Starbucks moved to California resulted after a lot of market research. The reason wherefore California people adapt quickly to changing lifestyle and that is the reason of choosing California.Employee Satisfaction Motivation Starbucks played a major role in this aspect. passing motivated and well trained staff resulted the high level of employee satisfaction. Starbucks offered health benefits to their employees for employees who worked more than twenty hours in a week.Starbucks Strategies(1983- 2008)Schultz restored the old and honest employees of Starbucks to give the trump service to the customers.Dave Lawrence was hired as a executive vice presented and charged with leading operation, finance and human resources.In order to increase the market share, Starbucks has severalise itself in providing a unique experience to its customers. In order to create a unique value proposition, Starbucks have created stores with specific themes. Second ly they have a focus on different flavors of beverages to suit peoples needs.Starbucks have developed the market for specialty coffee industry for America. In this context, Starbucks have created brand awareness and henceforward have created a demand for coffee stores amongst American population. Therefore, they have taken coffee from a commodity market to a specialty item.New logo was invented to match the culture of the Starbucks and Giornale.New espresso machines were equipped and look more Italian than old world nauticalChicago store opened in October 1987 as per expansion schemaIdentifying inability of the customers for having a cup of coffee in the winter season in Chicago, Schultz solved the problem of freshness and quality effrontery by displaceting freshly roasted beans in special flavor lock bags that utilise vacuum packaging technique.Portland, oregon was the next market the company entered. Entered in L.A in late 1991.Opened 15 refreshful stores in 1988, 20 in 1989 , 30 in 1990, and 53 in 1992, producing a jibe of 161 stores in US.Also went for franchising concept to retrieve the cost for new store expansion.In order to make Starbucks a great place to work Schultz original to expand healthcare c overage to include part-time workers.To oversee the expansion cognitive operation Starbucks created zone wise vice presidents to direct the development of each realm and to implant the Starbucks culture in the newly opened stores.Starbucks had created a new subsidiary, Starbucks coffee international, to orchestrate overseas expansion and build the Starbucks brand name globally via license.To accommodate its strategy of rapid store expansion. In august 2002 Starbucks teamed up with T-mobile USA, the largest carrier-owned Wi-Fi services, to experiment withProviding inter displace access and enhanced digital entertainment to patrons at over 1200 Starbucks locations.Part 2Starbucks Performance (Fiscal 2009 Annual Report)Stores Open Store gross revenue Growth(1) Store openings are reported net of closures.(2) Of the approximately 800 total US stores identified for closure, 566 stores and 205 stores were finishingd in financial 2009 and 2008, respectively.(3) Starbucks restructured its Australia market by closing 61 stores in fiscal 2008. Of the approximately 100 International stores (incremental to the Australia closures in fiscal 2008) identified for closure, 41 stores were closed in various markets in fiscal 2009.Net RevenuesOperating Cash Flow Capital ExpendituresCompany revenues decreased from fiscal 2008, primarily attributable to a 6% decline in comparable store sales, comprised of a 4% decline in transactions and a 2% decline in the average value per transaction. Foreign currency translation also contributed to the decline with the effects of a stronger US dollar relative to the British pound and Canadian dollar. The weakness in consolidated comparable store sales was driven by the US segment, with a comparable store sa les decline of 6% for the year. The International segment experienced a 2% decline in comparable store sales.The Company derived 16% of total net revenues from channels outside the Company-operated retail stores, collectively known as specialty operations. The decrease in Foodservice and different revenue was primarily due to thesoftness in the hospitality industry.Schultzs Actions in 2008/2009Retrained all the store employeesThey reduced operating costs by $600m per anumSimplified the product rangeThey Closed 1,000 worst-performing storesIntroduced Fairtrade coffeeStarted advertisingPorters Five ForcesPotential entry of Competitors (Low).DifferentiationCoffee industry companies tries to achieve differentiation in their service qualities through stores ambience, staff and complimentary products. Hence it becomes difficult for new players to imitate the existing business models.Potential development of substitute products (Low)Companies such as Pepsi and Coca Cola have been a threat to specialty coffee retailing from a substitute perspective. In the current situation this threat has been lowered considerablyBargaining power of suppliers (High)Trade PolicyFarmers associations that practice the fair trade policy. In US this initiative is called the TransFair initiative. Users of these are certified coffee beans are regarded as more reputed by customers and hence most companies such as Starbucks are forced to buy from these farmers. This increases the bargaining power of suppliers.DifferentiationBecause of the taste differentiation companies need to procure an assortment of different varieties of coffee beans from different specialize farmers. This results the increase in the bargaining power of suppliers.Rivalry among competing firms (High)It faces tough competition from local baristas due to price fixings. Starbucks is priced higher than these local players. Starbucks faces stiff competition from McDonalds, Dunkin Donuts and a spell of players. Overall the i ndustry is growing but at a slow rate and there are lot of players.CostIn scathe of switching cost, consumers do not pay a high amount when they needs to switch their preferences from Starbucks to other coffee shops. Starbucks have lost a number of its customers because of the high prices. Customers opine that they get the same coffee in other places at lower prices.Bargaining power of consumer (Moderate)Loyalty ProgramsRepeated purchases from a champion customer become guaranteed customers are bounded to the organization through Loyalty CardsLow Switching CostIt usually plays a negative factor to the companys growth by increasing the bargaining power of buyers.SWOT AnalysisStrengthStarbucks has proven to give an outstanding performance in customer service and experience. It has its own unique playback songs system which can be utilize to listen to your choice.Starbucks have changed coffee to a recognized beverage. One of the major strategies of Starbucks is that it has never use d high-ticket(prenominal) television advertising campaigns or brand ambassadors to advertise, instead it has relied more on its universally present cafes, word of mouth publicity and the ambience of its stores. It has maintain a high level of service through which it has achieved a consistent level of customer satisfaction.WeaknessCustomers are never loyal to a case-by-case store and keep on changing their stores, because when ever Starbucks enters any international market it opens a large number of stores within close vicinitySales of individual stores are never stable.Because of the recent recession, the levels of same store sales and margins have come down. The fourth quarter results have shown a loss of 70% in the companys net income and share prices have fallen by 33 cents. There has been a closure of 600 stores and lay off for 6700 stores.OpportunitiesAlong with coffee Starbucks has also branched out to produce DVDs, CDs, t-shirts and other proprietary food product offering s. The market for these products has grown considerably and gives a great opportunity to Starbucks for leveraging their brand.Starbucks should also look at exploring some of the emerging economies in South Eastern Asia such as India where the economy is stable.ThreatsThe economic recession is a threat for Starbucks since they had to close down a large number of stores leading to declining profits and large level of unemployment.McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts serve high quality green coffee also which is an be factor on Starbucks growth. Starbucks is facing major challenges from competitors such as McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts.Strategic SynopsisStarbucks faces an extremely challenging fiscal 2009 due to the ongoing economic slowdown. It famed that its customers whitethorn have less money for discretionary spending as a result of job losses, foreclosures, and bankruptcies. Any resulting decreases in customer traffic or average value per transaction will negatively impact the companys fi nancial performance as reduced revenues result in sales de-leveraging which creates downward wring on margins. The company also said it expects negative comparable store sales for fiscal 2009 and that additional restructuring measures may be needed in the future if Starbucks is unable to improve its financial performance.PART 3Customer, Market, Market SegmentCustomer SegmentIts is well known for its coffee as well as the relationships formed with its customers. This targets college students and business people in general, as well as individuals.Target MarketStarbucks us always adult -focused and look forward to betoken to connect with their customers, childrens and communities through different types of advertisements tactics. College age group and post graduates are the big growing market.Market AttractionTargeting adults and young adults is a good weapon for Starbucks because this age level has the same stakes as the foundation that promotes arts, culture, education, and the environment (starbucks.com). The company satisfies their customers through their advertising, support programs and, of course, their coffee.Resources and CapabilitiesA Resources, capabilities and Strategic AssetsEvery company or organization needs and owns certain resources, capabilities or competencies and also assets which are a necessity to endure and prosper globally.The resources consist ofCreating Competitive EdgeIntangible ResourcesRecipeEmployee relationshipLarge customer baseReputation of products and servicesTangible ResourcesLarge number of outletsMachinery equipmentsOperations in 37 countriesRESOURCES CATEGORIESSTARBUCKS RESOURCESPHYSICAL RESOURCESOperation in 40 countriesConventionally taste and environment.Effective segmentation.Supply chain management.Large number of outlets.FINANCIAL RESOURCESTurnover of 46.56 billion in 2009.Gross margins of 4.13 billion in 2009.Profit of 2.1 billion in 2009.HUMAN RESOURCESGreatly competent get force.Young and prosperous.INTELLECT UAL CAPITALReputation for excellenceBrand image built as taste, environment.Strategic capability of StarbuckCATEGORIESSTARBUCK RESOURCESTHRESHOLD RESOURCESsolid supply chain.Young and affluent workforces.THRESHOLD COMPETENCIESQuality.Reliability.Dealings and relationship with its employees and customers.UNIQUE RESOURCESHi-tech coffee machines equipments.Extraordinary labour forceCORE COMPETENCIESTechnology.Speed of production.Known as The Best coffee providerB Structure, Culture and organizational knowledgeThere are very less companies who can boast to be as consistent as Starbucks in hurt of attracting the customers which is always adjusting itself for the demand of the time with seamless quality and efficiency. The registration which is the company is willing to accept all the time is what makes it different from the rest.Their philosophy of the Starbucks is to provide product which are marvel of taste but also come with value and satisfaction.B STRATEGIC CHOICEIdentification o f Strategic OptionsAnsoffs Product/Market MatrixConsidering the approach of STARBUCKS they should continue to go with what they are doing currently. It means go to what they do best. I think that they do need to enter new markets for themselves and in particular ASIA. Currently STARBUCKS is not one of the most commonly used or known brands in ASIAN region. To pin point the region the areas to focus must be China and South Asian markets.STARBUCKS has set its sights on Chinese Niche market with view of the massive growth in Chinese economy and the wealth generated. Working in China would also mean that they will be able to work with the best available technology and also the fast growing consumer market that exists within China.Other region of interest can be South Asian emerging markets and in particular India who are enjoying a massive boom in economy and also buy power.In my opinion the strategy used needs to be Business to Customer or B2C as this strategy has already served STAR BUCKS Group very well in the past.The benefit of the strategy will be that it will be Product driven and will also maximize the value of the transaction and addition they will have larger target markets. This will also ensure that there will be a single step buying process and will enhance brand identity and also the brand image will also work as an extra helping hand for the company. B2C strategy will ensure the brand loyalty and also will promote emotional buying decisions which will base on status, price or may be desire.RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTIONStarbucks should continue with its operation in the growing economies and markets and diversify themselves to new markets where ever possible. As most of markets of Europe and America are at a stage of maturity, the realistic option for growth is diversion to new markets. The markets of Europe and America are older and also are very conventional for the Starbucks and it also has developed a brand loyal segment of customers behind them. T hat is the reason they need to consolidate the work they have so far put in to the emerging markets and consumers.To put the strategy into action STARBUCKS needs to consider the below stated aspects so that the transition or change over to new markets is as smooth as it can get.The timing is one of the major aspects which need to be taken care off or estimated beforehand. Since company already has its plants based in INDIA and CHINA they still need to develop them further to enhance production and meet the growing demand of a growing market and also a growing consumer base. The time it will take for them to either acquire or go into further and further of franchise growth model. The other important type of strategy in which STARBUCKS has been largely successful is by creating their 100% subsidiaries in the emerging markets so that it becomes a strategic asset for the company and would usually mean that it will be cost effective manufacturing by producing it in developing countries w hich means that they will have relatively less expensive labour at their disposal in comparison with already developed countries and markets.The constraints for company can be the rise in prices of raw materials will emphatically impact pricing and positioning of the brand.They will also have to work extensively to keep up to date with taste of consumers and also their preferences in terms of product. Another factor can be the potential of the markets suggested will definitely appeal to the competition and it might trigger a price war and barbarous rivalry amongst the industry players.The fluctuation in international business will also affect STARBUCKS in particularly the international currency market.This strategic plan may be able to help STARBUCKS achieve a safer journey ahead and they will be able to sustain a strong beachhead in the world.Starbucks should continue to open new locations worldwide. Starbucks is extremely dependent on its domestic success, and yet has a variety of countries it has not explored opportunities in. However, it is recommended that Starbucks tread lightly and with caution, insuring halal social and cultural analysis before plunging into a country. This is apparent in the fact that Starbucks was forced to close three retail stores in Singapore stick up year.

Communication Skills and Values in Social Work

Communication Skills and Values in affable WorkDiscuss the use of talk skills and values in affable clobberThis assignment sets out to explore the use of intercourse skills and value in accessible establish according to three interconnected dimensions. The first de musical compositionment discusses the importance of confabulation in the practice of well-disposed work including twist a rapport with table utility exploiters and carers, and the importance of empowerment. The second section identifies and explains the centrality of effective communication skills such as negotiation, interviewing and self-awareness. After this, part three considers the impact of personal and professional values on communication. This includes traditional and radical values in hearty work practice and the effects of communication in ethical dilemmas. The code of practice (CCW, 2002) in the Welsh context is considered throughout.This first section discusses the importance of communication and empowerment in neighborly work practice with attend to exploiters, carers and former(a) professionals. Communication is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary (2013) as the imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium. It cannot be secernated in such narrow terms within social work because of the different techniques involved in working with different work users in a multitude of authoritys. This involves social proletarians making judgements and wash upting to know the service user in order to communicate efficiently to the service users preferred method of communication (Wilson et al, 2008). Communication in social work practice is central to any inter-agency working and to pissing relationships with service users and carers. Good communication as a social actor requires the expertise to be both sensitive and understanding of their situation in order to build rapport with the individual (Trevethick, 2000). Rapport is how t he social worker contacts and engages with the service user and carers. Developing a rapport starts with an introduction which forms the home of the relationship, particularly as it is important to gain an understanding of the service user. This involves discussing their background, values, culture and require, which will sustain develop the rapport (Knapp, 2009).The fundamentals of communication in social work are voice and speech, body language, hearing, observing, encouraging and remembering. These skills can be utilise in introductions with service users and their families/ carers. Introductions can be uncomfortable and worrying for the service user if they are unsure what a social worker is there for and it depends on their previous experiences, if any. To ease this process an introduction exercise can be implemented for example a genogram can be drawn by asking the family to garnerively describe each family member in the house and those they would describe as their suppo rt and closest to them. Put simply, a genogram is a very detailed family tree using symbols to represent relationships (Parker and Bradley, 2010). This will help build a relationship with the service user as well as gain information and observe their reactions (body language) when working to sireher and when talking about family and friends. This will signal some key skills on the social workers behalf such as, listening, speech, remembering and encouraging.Active listening uses a combination of talking and listening skills to make the service user feel you understand their situation, and encourages them to emerge trust in the social worker (Cournoyer, 2011). It involves positive body language and speech to invite/enable the service user to express themselves. More specifically, body language is expression through movement and facial expressions which convey emotion. Social workers should use body language to make service users feel more(prenominal) comfortable but also pay atte ntion to whether the service user is showing signs of aggression, trying to hide something, or seems happy in the situation.potency is a process promoted by skills and should involve the service user. It aims to emphasise the rights and needs of bulk who whitethorn be oppressed by society (Leadbetter, 2002). Empowerment can be delivered in more forms, for example, personal, organisational, community based, family, group or team empowerment. Personal empowerment helps service users to gain control over their situations and boilersuit empower themselves and others to enable change. Organisational empowerment supports staff in an organisation, promoting morale and motivation in workers so they are happy to take on more responsibilities and go to work. Community based empowerment supports the community to challenge inequalities and exclusion so everyone who lives in a certain society can feel a part of the community and take control of their environment. Family, group or team empowerm ent focuses on allowing each person in the group to help each other and themselves collectively. They can call on each other for support and help if they need to fight oppressive behaviour (Adams, 1996).The second section discusses effective communication skills and how they support anti-oppressive practice. Skills are the ability to carry out a particular activity effectively and consistently over a period of time (Thompson, 200581). Skills that make up the way social workers communicate are interviewing, negotiation and partnership and self-awareness (Thompson, 2005). An interview is a intercourse with meaning and the beginning of change (Trevethick, 2000). Social workers use interviews to collect data and to build a face to face rapport with service users. An interview should be natural and the service user should not feel worry they are being treated according to a checklist just going through the process, as this could be seen as oppressive if service users are not treated a s individuals. The service user should have an understanding of why the social worker is there and has the right to know the process that has taken place to get to the interview. A key skill of interviewing is directing, this means although there should be a steady flow the social worker needs to keep the conversation on the subject that they are there for in a subtle way. This can be done by using phatic conversation as gingiva to keep it social and help keep a relationship going but redirecting to the main issue so it is a healthy balance for both taking part. It is better to use questions that will not give the service user the answer, especially children because this could create a story that is not exact. For example use, where did you get that bruise? Instead of did your mum give you that bruise? Open ended questions allow service users to expand on answers and give information that the social worker may not have thought to ask about (Hepworth et al, 2010).Negotiation and part nership is an essential part of interagency working. Working in partnership with other professionals requires a level of negotiation when both services have different/alternative ideas of what is best for the service user. Professionals who work together quite commonly are social workers and health care professionals. Everyone involved in interagency team should have a clear role and have an understanding of each others place/responsibilities in the team and their point of view. Negotiation may take place in deciding the best solution for a service user. However, there may be a hierarchy between the professionals causing tensions in decision-making. This would need to be resolved in order to work in partnership. This can be achieved by building relationships and achieving trust and mutual consider through communication (Atkinson et al, 2007). The code of practice (6.5) states social workers should always treat colleagues with respect and work openly and co-operatively with them (CC W, 2002). Negotiation also takes place with service users in the decision of the best solution for their situation. Keeping the service user involved with all decisions helps maintain the service users trust and combine in social services. This is anti-oppressive practice, which involves social workers empowering the service user to take control of their lives and help contact people in their society in similar situations. This is to help them feel part of society no matter their culture, language or lifestyle. It is seen as part of the social workers job to get rid of oppression in society (Dominelli, 2002). For example, by using a language interpreter this will make the service user more at ease and allow them to get their point across better.Social workers need a level of self-awareness to convey attitudes, the correct emotions and self-control. Without self-control personal issues and emotional attachment to a situation could be expressed which could cloud professional judgemen t. The situation should always be focused on the service user and the social workers thoughts of their personal perfect solution may not coincide with the service user (Cournoyer, 2011). The code of practice (2.6) states social workers must declare issues that may create conflict of interests and making sure they do not influence their judgement or practice (CCW, 2002). The skill of self-awareness grows overtime with experience in practice, it teaches social workers to think on their feet during communication and difficult situations, worry with stress and tackle all obstacles as completely different when dealing with different people (Cournoyer, 2011).This third, and final, section considers the impact of personal and professional values upon communication within social work practice, including how ethical issues arise in communication. Personal values need to be taken into account because they will frame many decisions its the social workers instincts about safety and danger that decides, for instance, whether it is safe for a child to stay with their parents. However, personal values need to coincide with professional values because social workers cannot let personal judgements shadow their professional obligations to help all service users and abide by the code of practice (CCW, 2002). For example a social worker cannot express their personal opinions to a service user through verbal or non-verbal communication. They have to treat them with professional courtesy despite their personal feelings towards them. Social work values are underpinned by traditional and radical values. Traditional values focuses on being non-judgemental, protecting confidentiality and treating the service user with dignity and respect (Biestek, 1961). This follows the anti-oppressive practice of treating everyone as individuals and to not compare two different cases. These values underpin the core principles of the code of practice (CCW, 2002). Radical values are more modern views of social work practice which involves the service users taking more action to solve their problems themselves. For example, empowering the service user to have more confidence to build a partnership with their social worker and give input into their own plans for the future (Thompson, 2000).According to BASW code of ethics (2012) professional ethics concerns matters of right and damage conduct, good and bad qualities of character and the professional responsibilities attached to relationships in a work context. Ethical issues can arise because social workers promote the welfare and rights of service users but the end result may not coincide with what the service user thinks is the right decision for them. This could cause communication barriers/issues because social workers support service users to be a part of deciding their own life changes then in some circumstances this power can be taken remote from them. For example, an elderly woman wants to be able to live at home but she does not have the support and her dementia and mobility is deteriorating. The decision is made that she needs to go into supported accommodation, this effects the social workers relationship with the woman and the service users whole demeanour changes towards the social worker including body language, attitude and facial expression.In conclusion, communication verbal and non-verbal resides at the core of social work. It is utilized in all areas of social work as an essential part of the job. Communication is used in services for elderly, children, people with disabilities, drug and alcohol abuse and mental health. It is used to build relationships, create solutions and to negotiate plans for service users. It is important that social workers work to always improve these skills and complete training so they can learn from other professionals experiences of how different service users, carers and professionals like to work in partnership. This includes how to communicate with people who may not want to co-operate to begin with but can use negotiation skills to improve the relationship.

One Language In The World

One Language In The WorldAs countries communicating more and more today and without whatever doubt to be a immenser extent in the incoming, spate often predicate that if the human race developed to be united sufficiency and then all people will speak the same(p) linguistic process for daily communication. Is it realistic? How long will it disengage to come across such a dream? face, as the acknowledged official terminology for inter body political communication, has been doned by more and more people over the gentleman since it back study benefit for close to all who depose speak it. Many countries likewise withdraw policies to train the young people to become skilful English speakers. Can English become the only one style in the future and early(a) languages will be eradicated? This essay will outpouring analysis from some perspectives. The essay will st artistry with discussing about what will happen if the prediction of eradication of variation of lasting languages came true. In this part, it will overly introduce the history of Esperanto which is acknowledged as world language by most people. Following this, it will introduce what are languages related to mainly in five perspectives which are history, culture, favorable office, profession and worldview. Finally, the essay will focus on whether English has the possibility to become the only one language in the future.It would be Perfect if Variation of Existing Languages could be EradicatedIt is true that the world will be operated more harmoniously if all people speak the same language. Generally speaking, as the most important tools for communication among people, language is also considered as the first factor differing human from animals (Lonely Publications, 2007). It is developed as society occurred and developed. muckle who often speak the same dialect in the same estate contribute live together with less confliction. Due to the good communication, a nation can bind tog ether as time goes. Finally, the nation become an integrate body, by which the human race developed more and more quickly and leave the animals behind far away. on that pointfore, it can be concluded that language homogeneity promote the group developing more. However, language homogeneity does non exist among the whole word due to the long time of separation of people from contrastive continents. As some nations have the ability to travel across seas and glide by other continents, communication become source of there divisions. Wars then become the consequences of this misunderstanding of languages. To some extent, it is true that language is the divisive force for different groups and areas (Crystal, 2001).In fact, some elites of the old years have given serious thought about whether it was affirmable for people from different countries and nations can solve the conflicts by dint of promoting writ of execution of the same language across the world. Hundreds of years before , they started to dream that there was a kind of language which can be called world language could be produced to make the world get united in short time. Actually, in the human history, world language did have been created. Esperanto, a language invented by an eye reanimate named Lazaro Ludoviko has been acknowledged as the world language by people. Although after creation of the language more than 50 thousands of works have been published in Esperanto, it finally did non cancel cosmos eliminated by the time (Polinsky Comrie Matthews, 2003). As an ideal trial, the invention of Esperanto reflected the dream that people want to create a completely just language to benefit the world. It was failed due to lack of understructure in any nations economic and cultural life. The consequence also proved that language had to set root on the nations history and experience.Impossibility of Eradication of LanguagesAlthough it can be seen that language homogeneity can produce practicall y benefit for the human race politically and economically, it is impossible for the entire world speak the same language in the foreseeable future. People once predicted that when the worlds economic system come to stable enough and people really believed that only one language is superior to language varieties for their life, the nation and languages differences will go to elimination and will be taken tell by language homogeneity (ONeill, 2008). However, how long will this consciousness come to be true in the future? It is obviously that at least in the next 100 years this will not be reached by the human race. Actually, formulation of languages is more complex than people thought. It is at least being affected by the following five factorsFirstly, Language development is an outcome resulted by long history to become the current mature communicative system. From the superannuated times, as people invented their native language, it has been continuously improved to be more effect ive for communication (Putz, Martin Marjolyn, 2000). It can be seen that after being developed through thousands of years modern people can hardly recognize their native languages ancient edition. If they check back their ancient language, they would comment it was not so lucky to express precisely what they want. For instance, Chinese people have to spend large amount of time to learn the old language since most of their characters have already change their original hearts. Actually, all languages have taken a long period of time to evolve to the current forms, which will be difficult for a new language to achieve in short time. If a world language has been created now, can people have the patience to use it with a parcel out of confusions? The answer is obvious. The world would be impossible have such far-sight to benefit their offspring to enjoy the language homogeneity. To some extent, language is spontaneous and can not be created on purpose. An existing language has been tested by its speakers through long period of time. It is naturally produced to meet quests for communication and developed also to meet need for better communication. English is now being learned by people from all over the world and have been impulsively promoted by authorities from many governments for nearly 100 years. Nevertheless it is still not mastered by most people from the countries learning it. A hundred-year time in reality is very short for language development process. on that pointfore, the unification of language is hardly to achieve in one or two generations.Secondly, language is produced due to the need of communication but has developed to a more complex product which is also reflecting the culture of a nation, which also enhances difficulty of people from one nation quitting their current language (Botha . C. Knight, 2009). In other words, language is a kind of art and has been merged into many national feelings. For some people, their native language is not just for communication since they can also enjoy a lot more from appreciating it (Gordon, 005). Many people would have the experience of reading translated article from extraneous great writers. Nevertheless it is incessantly difficult to understand the original meaning of the author although the article is translated by the best linguists or translators. English learners usually find it is finally losing the beauty of the original works when reading it in their native language edition. And further, some works is classical not just due to its meaning but also attribute to its rhyme. This will make it impossible to reaching the feeling when it has been translated to other languages. And also, many people are pursuing in other jobs relating to languages such as Chinese calligraphy. A language has evolved to an art which is mainly emphasizing on its look and image. Therefore, the eradication of one language will not just force people dropping their familiar communicative tools but als o will ask them to drop a long history of art which may be considered as their national treasure.Thirdly, social status of speakers of one language affects significantly whether it can develop into prosperity or go to extinction. There are thousands of sorts of languages ever being created and spoken by people all over the word in the history. But 90% of the languages can not avoid going to extinction and being forgotten forever by their native speakers, which was caused by the lower social class of the speakers (Skutnabb-Kangas, 2000). It is true that languages also have their social status as their speakers and they have been undergoing fierce competition from the time when created. From some examples this phenomenon can be explained in details. Why English gets some much care all over the world today? Why many countries choose English as their second language. Its speakers social status may matter a lot to give the reason. After entering the twentieth century, English speaking co untries has developed to be the most powerful and wealthy areas, which means their dominance in economical and political fields in the international interaction. If the word is perceived as a society, Americans and west Europeans are in the upper class without any doubt. Then English established its advantage in the competition process and now develop to be a language spoken by more than 2 billion speakers. From the example it can be seen that the power of a language is in deep relation to its speakers. Therefore, for a new created world language, its hatful of development to some extent decided by whether the upper class have the interest to speak it. If it just can be promoted in a small group of people in lower social class, soon or later it will suffer from the result of those extinctive languages. In the foreseeable future, English is still the first consideration for most countries to communicate in international issues. If word language can come along, it is only can be Engl ish for its social status.Fourthly, language difference exists also connecting with the speakers profession. People can always guess what the persons job just through the way of his talk. Politician will always give speech agitatively while scientists speak in a way hard to understand but precise. University students will always talk their slang from which their status can be easy to tell. In addition to their talking style, profession vocabulary is also a decisive factor for language difference. For a non-native speaker, it is almost impossible for him or her to recognize the professional but important words. Therefore, as a mature developed language, it not just contains the daily communication and large amount of professional vocabulary should also be included to fulfill the professional need. Does it possible for a new language to get the complexity in short time? A world language as a good will to the world development may have difficultly to fulfill this fatality unless exper iencing long history of phylogenesis. The existence of this problem would lead to it is only possible to choose one widely used language to be the world language in the future. English may be the first consideration while there are also other possibilities such as French and Chinese and other languages that have developed to be a well round system.Fifthly, as a complex system, language is also a reflection of the speakers worldview. There are some explanations about what worldview is. The most direct one is that worldview is the overall perspective from which one sees and realizes the world (Geoffrey, 2002). It has been proved that different nations have different worldview and people are taking a totally different perspective on those basic ontological issues from that in other nations. For some nations, their religious belief which differs from others can be reflected in their own language. But in another language, it may be difficult to find out vocabulary or expression to inter pret their religious thought or behavior. However, religious beliefs for all nations are always the very important consideration for them to merge. For some people, religious belief is their motivation to be alive and if they can not find their religious belief in language change things will get seriously. Religious conflicts have led to a lot of wars to world and this may happen when the languages of the word are forced to be get unified. Therefore, worldview of speakers of different language may be also a disturbing parameter to hinder they merge into each other.Possibility of English Developing into the only one Language of WorldWhen the world rolled into the 20th century, English speaking countries established their advantages in political and economical and cultural fields. In the 20th century, countries of the world went to together rapidly due to some transnational events such as the two world wars and communication in scientific and cultural and academic arrears. America bec ame the dominant country of the word and has input much into other areas including technology and culture. Added to English basis left in the colonial countries across the world, English then has been chosen to be the most popular language for many countries (Mithen, 2005). In the 21st century, as globalization continues to evolve into deeper extent, the need of one international language would be more necessary for all the countries and it can be seen that English will continually take this important role. However, can the English become the first language for all the countries in the foreseeable future if it is developing as fast as countries go to together? The answer is no. To some extent, English is the world language for transnational issues when people from different countries have to communicate for benefit. But no matter how English will be popular, it is still the first choice for non English speaking countries to communicate internationally, not the native language for th eir daily communication at family or at parties with local friends. As what has been said above, language is related to history, culture, social status, profession and worldview of the speakers. To accept English as the daily language and eradicate their current one, it is still far away from the communication just in official occasions. From the history it can be seen that only colonialism can input language into another countries and force them to forget their original language with high speed. But it will always bring tragic loss for the human race in many other areas. Therefore, English may still be the most popular language of the world in the next centuries but will have no way to become the only one among the countries in the world.ConclusionIn conclusion, the formulation of a language is more complex than people think. It is at least related to five aspects as the essay has discussed, which make it impossible for a new created language to reach the conditions. To become a la nguage accepted and implemented broadly by people across world, the language should experienced long history of evolution to have the cultural basis. And also, it should be accepted by people from the main stream and from various religious groups. In addition, the new language would be possible contain vocabulary in many professional fields. Most of these features of language have to develop through thousands of years of implementation by people who take it. If possible, English may become the only one langue spoken by people all over the word in the future nevertheless it would be unable to realize in the next centuries. Therefore, it is impossible in the foreseeable future that variation within existing languages can be eradicated.

Prion Diseases Essay -- Medical Prions Disease TSE

Prion DiseasesAbstractTransmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are neurodegenerative diseases that are thought to be caused by the misfolding of prion proteins. Prions are able to replicate in the absence of nucleic acids. TSEs include scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease, and Fatal Familial Insomnia. They can affect many polar animals, including humans. Currently, there are no ways to diagnose, treat, or cure TSEs, as much more research is needed before these diseases are completely understood.1. OverviewPrions are a type of protein effectuate naturally in the brain and other regions of the central nervous system. The diseases associated with prions are collectively known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). Transmissible refers to their potentially infectious nature, and spongiform encephalopathies indicates the microscopic sponge-like deterioration of the brain caused by the p rogression of the disorders. While these fatal neurodegenerative diseases exhibit different clinical symptoms, have different incubation periods, and even target different areas of the brain, they do share a number of characteristics. They occur in both animals and humans. During a silent incubation period, there are no detectable signs of the disease, although depending on the specific disease, the length of the incubation period can vary from a few weeks to up to 40 years (Baker & Ridley, 1996, 1). Due to their unique method of propagation (which go away be addressed later), TSEs present a seeming paradox in that inherited cases give rise to a disease that is transmissible but acquired cases do not produce heritable diseases (Baker & Rid... ...(Soto, 2006, 105).15. ConclusionOn a closing note, prion research is significant not only for possible breakthroughs in understanding TSEs, but because of the vast implications the very concept of prions holds for the entire field of biol ogy. As the first substance discovered that can replicate in the absence of nucleic acids, prions defy virtuoso of the most central biological doctrines. The similarities between TSEs and dementia disorders like Alzheimers disease and findings of proteins with a prion-like behavior in yeast and other fungi (Soto, 2006, 143) call forth that prions and proteins like them may be much more common than ever expected (Soto, 2006, 154).10BibliographyBaker, Harry F., & Ridley, Rosalind M. (1996). Prion Diseases. Totowa, New Jersey HumanaPress.Soto, Claudio. (2006). Prions The New Biology of Proteins. Boca Raton, Florida CRC Press.

The Plague of Cheating and Internet Plagiarism :: Journalistic Essays

Internet Es formulates - The Plague of Internet Plagiarism   Not wholly thieves lurk in dark alleys and parks. Some depend upon with their faces lit by the glow of their computer monitors, copying, pasting, and printing.   It may seem akin just another helpful source of information, but the Internet has taken the stealth of intellectual property to a new level. Part of the problem is that most students dont really know the exact definition of plagiarism or its consequences. Some say that using someone elses ideas without attributing them is a form of theft, but most people dont think of it as a serious crime.   For teachers, Internet plagiarism has been especially sturdy compared to theft from other sources. This is because it is so difficult to locate the origin of Internet material. To counter student plagiarism, Internet services designed to detect copied material impart emerged to aid teachers. One Internet company, TurnItIn.com, has developed a system for det ecting material plagiarized from the Internet. Teachers can upload student works onto the site, which searches for similarities to material from all over the Web. The teachers receive an originality report within a few days. To utilize this new technology, a few teachers at this high school are having students convey their papers on disk as well as on paper.   The threat of using these programs will stop a lot of students. They will be afraid theyll be caught. Unfortunately, fear is what works, English teacher Judy Grear said.   English teacher Barbara Swovelin said, With all the info thats on the Internet, its understandable that we go to it to get information. Its understandable that people would use it as a resource. The legal and moral issues come in when students use it improperly. A main concern is not only the use of a few plagiarized sentences, but of entire papers. Paper mills like SchoolSucks.com and Evil House of Cheat are some of the most popular sources for pir ated papers. Sites like these, which have achieved fame and notoriety among slackers everywhere, were the motivation for TurnItIn.com and similar sites.   In addition to such blatant cut and paste plagiarism, most teachers agree that students must be suspect of the theft of ideas. One plagiarism-detection program, Word Check, asserts through their Web site, Whether you agree or disagree on how information should be used or reused in digital form, one thing is clear protecting intellectual property from theft and infringement is the number one security issue.